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Strategic Direction on Governance, Communities, Equity,
and Livelihood Rights in Relation to Protected Areas |
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A joint
Theme/Working Group of CEESP and WCPA
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BACKGROUND |
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TILCEPA MANDATE ON CCAS |
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TILCEPA MEMBERHSIP AND STRUCTURE |
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NETWORKING AMONG LOCAL COMMUNITIES, INDIGENOUS
PEOPLES AND MOBILE PEOPLES AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO POLICY MAKING |
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TILCEPA AT GLOBAL EVENTS |
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1. First Marine Prortected Area Congress, Geelong 2005
2. World Conservation Congress, Bangkok
2004
3. Conference of Parties to the
Convention on Biological Diversity, Kuala Lumpur, 2004
4. Global Biodiversity Forum, February 2004, Kuala
Lumpur
5. World Parks Congress, Durban, 2003
6. Subsidiary Body on Scientific,
Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTA), Montreal, 2003 |
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TILCEPA AT REGIONAL MEETINGS |
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TILCEPA EVALUATION |
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PUBLICATIONS AUTHORED,
EDITED OR CO- AUTHORED/EDITED BY TILCEPA MEMBERS |
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DEVELOPMENT OF PROJECTS |
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CONTACT US |
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BACKGROUND
Many local rural communities - including, in
particular but not exclusively, tribal or indigenous peoples- have an integral
and intimate link with the natural resources and ecosystems surrounding
them. Their knowledge base, cultural traditions and practices relating to
biological and other natural resources remain a critical component in the
conservation of biodiversity.
Throughout history their role has been enormous in conserving a variety
of natural environments for a variety of purposes, economic as well as
spiritual and aesthetic. With respect to state declared and managed
protected areas (PAs) this role is increasingly being appreciated,
"re-discovered" and fulfilled in many countries.
The Theme on
Indigenous and Local Communities, Equity, and Protected Areas (TILCEPA),
was set up in 2000 by the World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) and
the Commission on Environmental, Economic, and Social Policy (CEESP) of
the World Conservation Union (IUCN) . This Inter-commission initiative
evolved from a Task Force on Local Communities and Protected Areas,
created in 1999, which had a similar mandate.
The TILCEPA seeks the
full and effective recognition of the rights and responsibilities of
local communities in the development and implementation of conservation
policies and strategies that affect the lands, waters and other natural
and cultural resources that they relate to. It advocates, in all
countries, the recognition of community conserved and managed areas that
are significant from biodiversity point of view, and the development of
management partnerships with the communities resident in or surrounding
official PAs.
Some of the aspects
that fall under the purview of TILCEPA are:
• New typology
of governance of PAs
• Community Conserved Areas (CCAs)
• CCAs and sustainable livelihoods
• CCAs & IUCN PA categories
• Community Managed Landscapes and indigenous territories
• Institutional Structures for co-management of PAs
• Human Wildlife Conflicts
• Sustainable Use / Material benefits of PAs
• Non Material benefits of PAs
• Equity in the distribution of the costs and benefits of conservation
• Poverty, Livelihoods and PAs
• Progressive PA Laws and Policies
• Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation, including participatory
governance assessment
• Capacity-building for PA management
• Indigenous Peoples and Ecotourism
• PAs and land & resource tenure issues / Restitution
• Gender and PAs
• Culture and Conservation
• Mobile peoples and conservation
TILCEPA MANDATE ON CCAs
COMMUNITY CONSERVED AREAS AND THE
INTERNATIONAL CONSERVATION SYSTEM: A discussion note relating to the
mandate of the WCPA/CEESP Theme Group on Indigenous/Local Communities,
Equity, and Protected Areas (TILCEPA)
In October 2002, the
Steering Committee of the World Commission on Protected Areas gave the
following mandate to the WCPA/CEESP Theme Group on Indigenous/Local
Communities, Equity, and Protected Areas (TILCEPA):
“With relation
to the World Database on Protected Areas and the UN List, WCPA to
initiate a Programme of Work on a range of protected areas or conservation
areas that are outside of the officially designated or government-managed
PA system. Such a Programme of Work would include:
1. Formulating a typology of governance of PAs, including the entire
range from totally government managed PAs, through a diversity of
co-managed PAs, to totally community or private managed ones;
2. Suggesting a process by which such PAs would be nominated and accepted
for use in the WDPA and the UN List, including how to determine whether
such areas are managed through legal or “other effective
means” (as required by the IUCN PA Category system);
3. Providing inputs to the State of the World’s Parks Report, for
initial recognition and analysis of non-official PAs;
4. Providing to the World Parks Congress, through discussion and
refinement in the Governance Stream,
a recommendation on the above, for endorsement;
5. Initiating, after the WPC, the inclusion of such PAs into the World
Database on Protected Areas and the UN List.
This mandate is being
developed by TILCEPA and will be circulated widely to receive inputs of
representatives of indigenous peoples and local communities.
TILCEPA MEMBERSHIP AND
STRUCTURE
Membership
- TILCEPA membership is
open to individuals with concern, experience, and expertise relating
to issues of indigenous peoples, local communities, equity and
protected areas. The members generally offer their contributions on
a volunteer basis. They can be compensated for their professional
activities if funds are available through specific projects or
programmes
- TILCEPA is an
inter-commission group, set up by the World Commission on Protected
Areas (WCPA) and the Commission on Environmental, Economic, and
Social Policy (CEESP). Currently, membership in TILCEPA
automatically implies membership in CEESP. In the case of WCPA,
acceptance as member is not automatic, but a request can be
forwarded by the co-chairs to the WCPA Chair, on behalf of the
individual concerned.
- Membership is by
invitation, which is issued by one of the TILCEPA Co-chairs. Persons
can apply or be nominated, but in all cases have to be invited by
the co-chairs.
- Members may be more or
less active depending on individual commitments and opportunities,
and can focus their interest in one or more specific sub-topics,
and/or one or more regions/countries of the world.
- TILCEPA's composition is
up for review every four years; however, the Core Group and General
Group (see below, Structure) are evolving and members can be added
or removed at any time, while the Co-chairs are expected to last the
full 4 year term.
Structure, roles
and responsibilities
The TILCEPA structure
is comprised of:
- two Co-chairs;
- a small Core Group
composed of members who agree to take an active lead on TILCEPA
matters on a regional, national or thematic area, and who are
available to the co-chairs to consult on urgent decisions;
- the larger membership or
General Group, which would be consulted in all key decisions to be
taken.
The Co-chairs promote
and represent the interests and concerns of TILCEPA in appropriate
forums, and facilitate communication and joint action among TILCEPA
members, and between TILCEPA and other agencies/groups/individuals. In
particular they foster collaboration and joint initiatives with other
Themes and Working Groups of the IUCN Commissions with whom TILCEPA has
an overlap in terms of key concerns and work objectives.
The members of the
Core Group take responsibility for TILCEPA initiatives on a given topic
or region, in organizing particular events, and/or in generally helping
with the functioning of the group. They take upon themselves to identify
and contact the TILCEPA members with relevant concerns (and/or to propose
new members with appropriate capacities and concerns) and to collaborate
with members and partners (including other IUCN commissions, IUCN member
organizations, the IUCN secretariat, regional, and grassroots
organizations) to develop specific initiatives. With the help of the WCPA
and CEESP Chairs, the IUCN secretariat and the
TILCEPA Co-Chairs, the
members of the Core Group also seek and obtain the necessary human and
financial resources to carry out the said initiatives. They also take the
responsibility to update the entire TILCEPA membership, through a
periodic report, on the area of focus that they represent in the core.
The Co-chairs and
Core Group take decisions regarding TILCEPA activities, structure, and
functioning, including review of past work and working out strategic
future directions. Major decisions should always involve consultations
with the General membership, unless exceptional circumstances require
otherwise.
The general
membership is expected to be responsive to issues being taken up by
TILCEPA's Co-chairs and Core Group, as also pro-active in bringing issues
for discussion and action, and generally in carrying forward the mandate
of TILCEPA. It would be involved in all major decisions to be taken
regarding TILCEPA.
NETWORKING AMONG
LOCAL COMMUNITIES, INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND MOBILE
PEOPLES AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO POLICY MAKING
TILCEPA promotes the
participation of indigenous peoples and other local communities at
regional and global events through various means. In conjunction with the
Indigenous Peoples Forum and World Alliance of Mobile and Indigenous
Peoples we have been helping identify potential participants, finding
funds for their travel and facilitating their participation at the event
itself. We have been partnering with the Equator Initiative to plan and
facilitate Community Parks ( spaces meant mainly for community use) at
such global events.
TILCEPA AT
GLOBAL EVENTS
1.
First Marine Prtected Area Congress, Geelong 2005
The first
International Marine Protected Area Congress (IMPAC 1) was held in Geelong, Australia from 23rd to 28th
October 2005 and gathered 760 delegates from 70 countries. TGER
and TILCEPA participated in coordinating one of its five main
themes ("Shared Stewardship") and the Cross-cut Issue "Indigenous
Peoples and Local Communities". Grazia Borrini Feyerabend and
Dermot Smyth were asked to take on this volunteer job and collaborated
during the 18 month period leading up to IMPAC, assisting with the
selection of papers and posters and ensuring that the issues of
importance to our members were as well covered as possible. Technical
difficulties in accessing the papers from the IMPAC web site made
difficult a wide sharing of the tasks with other TILCEPA and TGER
members… except for Pippa Heylings, who valiantly managed to
collaborate throughout the process. Dermot and Grazia lobbied hard for
funds to be made available for Indigenous and local community
representatives to attend IMPAC. 70 delegates from developing countries
and 10 indigenous people from Australia could in fact take
part as sponsored participants. All indigenous and local community
representatives whose papers or posters were selected for presentation
were provided sponsorship. A space called the "Community Lagoon"
was set aside within the Congress precinct for Indigenous and local
community delegates to meet informally, share information, present videos
and hold workshops. Margaret Ayre from the National Oceans Office of the
Australian Government's Department of Environment and Heritage
coordinated the space, which was extensively used during the Congress.
While the Marine Protected Area Congress was far from reaching the size
and momentum of the World Parks Congress of 2003, it did manage to
articulate the main issues regarding Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). This
was within the limitation of the English language for communication (the
Congress could not afford offering translation) but delegates from
several non-English speaking countries nevertheless participated.
The results of the
Geelong Congress are very coherent with the result of the Durban
Congress. Many TGER members participated and many new members were
recruited in Stream V and in the cross cut on Indigenous Peoples and
Local Communities. The report of Stream V summarises the key points of
agreement developed and argued for by the participants around governance
issues and illustrates a broad analysis, some specific understandings and
a set of recommendations that appear valid for protected areas beyond the
marine environment. The report from Stream V is available in either word
or power
point format. A separate report on indigenous issues is also
available from Dermot Smyth (dermot.smyth@bigpond.com
).
2. World Conservation Congress, Bangkok 2004
At the World
Conservation Congress (WCC) at Bangkok,
21st to 25th November, 2004, TILCEPA was actively involved in organising
and participating in a number of activities:
- A Workshop on 'Community
Governance for Conservation: moving forward',
- Training sessions on
'International Agreements on Protected Areas and Community Based
Conservation',
- Knowledge Marketplace on
'Human-Wildlife Coexistence: Global Perspectives to Improve Local
Efforts '
- Workshop on 'Mobility,
Livelihoods, and Biodiversity'
- Dance for the Earth
Performance,
- Global Synthesis Workshop
on 'Institutional and policy responses to the link between poverty
and conservation within the context of the Millennium Development
Goals'
- Panel on 'Poverty and
Parks - A global assessment of the social impact of Protected
Areas',
- Press conference on 'Can
Communities Replace Guns, Guards, and Fences? : The Trend towards
Community Based Conservation'
TILCEPA partnered
with Equator Initiative (EI) of the UNDP to organise a space (the
Community Mubaan) for community representatives at the WCC. Members of
TILCEPA came together in a meeting to evaluate the performance of
TILCEPAin the last four years, and to chart out future directions for the
next term.
TILCEPA also contributed to the motions, listed below, on issues relating
to its mandate, which have all been approved at the Member's Business
Assembly.
- Resolution on Community
Conserved areas
- Resolution on Governance of
Natural Resources
- Resolution on Indigenous
Peoples, Protected Areas and the CBD Programme of Work
- Resolution on Promoting
Food Sovereignty to Conserve Biodiversity and End Hunger
- Resolution on Mobile
Indigenous Peoples and Conservation
- Resolution on a
Landscape/seascape approach to conservation
3. Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological
Diversity, Kuala Lumpur, 2004
The seventh Conference of Parties (COP7) of the Convention on
Biodiversity (CBD) was held between 9th and 20th February 2004 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This event was
attended by various members of the IUCN WCPA/CEESP Theme on Indigenous
and Local Communities, Equity and Protected Areas (TILCEPA) to
participate in and contribute to the proceedings, both the official
discussions of the content of the CBD as well as the several side events
held alongside.
The key outputs of
the World Parks Congress were prepared and carried forward by TILCEPA in
its work to influence the framing of the Programme of Work (POW) on Protected
Areas of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), at its seventh
Conference of Parties. The most significant achievement was the inclusion
of a major work element on "Governance, participation, equity, and
benefit-sharing" in the POW. The 'Governance' element of the POW, as
also various other parts of this document, contains explicit
recommendations closely related to many of TILCEPA's core issues listed
above. This includes, for the first time in an international
environmental agreement, an explicit recognition of Community Conserved
Areas (CCAs). Other than making inputs directly to the POW, TILCEPA also
organised side events, put up exhibits, distributed material relevant to
some of the aspects listed above, provided articles for relevant publications
of the CBD Secretariat, and took part in NGO networking during the
meetings.
Earlier, TILCEPA was
also represented at the SBSTTA meeting held in Montreal, Canada
and here inputs were made into the drafting process of the work elements
of the CBD. Possibly the most significant input was the addition of an
entire Element (one of four) on Governance, Participation, Equity, and
Benefit-sharing, under which various aspects of participatory
conservation were included. A significant part of this text was however
left in square brackets i.e. not agreed upon by all delegates at SBSTTA,
and left to COP delegates to decide upon. TILCEPA (which through IUCN had
the status of observer to the official process) attended the COP with the
specific intention of ensuring that the key actions relating to
indigenous and local communities, and equity, were suitably inserted in
the final text of the Programme of Work on Protected Areas. It was also
TILCEPAs intention to highlight, in various forums/means available before
and at COP7, the role of communities in conserving biodiversity.
Details of TILCEPAs
inputs into the COP7 can be found at www.tilcepa.org
4. Global Biodiversity Forum,
February 2004, Kuala Lumpur
A 2-day workshop entitled Poverty, Livelihoods and Biodiversity was
organised by TILCEPA as part of the 19th session of the Global
Biodiversity Forum. This workshop explored how to integrate environmental
conservation and poverty eradication, including managing the environmental
impacts of poverty reduction policies and programmes, reducing conflicts
between conservation and development at the rural level, and enhancing
equity in conservation so as to contribute to poverty eradication. A
statement from the workshop was read out in the final plenary of the GBF,
and the key elements from it were incorporated into the overall GBF
address to the plenary of the COP7.
5. World Parks Congress, Durban, 2003
The Theme on Indigenous and Local Communities, Equity and Protected Areas
(TILCEPA), under the auspices of IUCN WCPA/CEESP, contributed to one of
the most exciting and cutting-edge processes at the Vth World Parks
Congress: the mainstreaming of community and equity issues. Many of the
key outputs of the Congress reflect the increasing commitment of the
conservation community to respecting the rights of indigenous peoples and
local communities, including minority peoples, and to working with these
constituencies for the more effective conservation of cultural and
biological diversity.
The main Congress
outcomes and outputs that the TILCEPA contributed to included:
• Recognition that biodiversity conservation has a much longer
history than government-designated protected areas; in particular that
traditional ecosystem management systems of indigenous and mobile peoples
and other local communities have helped to conserve cultural and
biological diversity across landscapes and seascapes;
• Recognition that Community Conserved Areas (CCAs) –
including indigenous protected areas, mobile peoples’ territories,
village wetlands and watersheds, marine and fisheries reserves, and
others – are a legitimate and effective means of conservation. In
particular, the importance of providing a formal legal status and public
acknowledgement of the role of CCAs in conserving critical biodiversity
elements, providing linkages across the land and seascape, filling gaps
in conservation coverage, and providing cultural, livelihood, and
political security to millions of people was recognized;
• Recognition that government-managed protected areas should move
towards collaborative management by providing relevant indigenous and
mobile peoples and local communities with full and equitable
participation in decision-making;
• Recognition that several governance types for PAs can be
effective and should be recognised as legitimate and desirable; as a
matter of fact a combination of governance types in a PA system can be
most useful to enlarge its global coverage, promote better connectivity
among individual PAs, promote the efficient use of resources and enhance
the ties between peoples and nature.
• Recognition of the need for restitution of rights and
responsibilities to indigenous and mobile peoples and local communities,
and compensation for past injustices, to be addressed in national and
international systems, including through the creation of a ‘Truth
and Reconciliation Commission Regarding Protected Areas and Indigenous
Peoples and Local Communities’;
• Recognition that cultural diversity and cultural survival are key
objectives and strategies for protected areas, including in
administrative guidance relating to the IUCN Protected Area categories;
• Recognition that the costs and benefits of protected areas need
to be more equitably distributed, including through securing of local
livelihoods and revenues, reducing damage by wildlife, addressing poverty
and resource deprivation, and encouraging ecologically and culturally
sensitive tourism managed by communities. Impoverishment in terms of
resource deprivation was recognized as one of the root causes of
biodiversity loss and therefore as meriting far greater attention;
• Recognition that by addressing human-wildlife conflict issues,
through coordinated global, national, regional and local action, the
conservation community will be able to more successfully conserve
protected areas and wildlife, mitigate the economic and social costs to
local communities and thus recognize benefits beyond boundaries;
• Promoting positive linkages between sustainable agriculture and
biodiversity conservation, especially building on traditional, biodiverse
farming, pastoralism, and fisheries, that help to maintain ecosystem
services, corridors and wildlife refuges;
• Promoting positive linkages between mobile lifestyles and
biodiversity conservation, in particular with regard to the maintenance
of habitats and bio-cultural corridors in the landscape.
• Understanding and facilitating community-based approaches to
livelihood security and sustainable development, as an alternative to the
destructive path of development that is dominant today.
Details of TILCEPAs inputs into the WPC are available as a final report
at www.tilcepa.org
6. Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological
Advice (SBSTTA), Montreal, 2003
The “social concern
cluster”—a new element of the CBD programme of work on
protected areas
The SBSTTA meeting in Montreal did not achieve consensus on a full
programme of work on protected areas for the CBD Conference of the
Parties, but nevertheless achieved important results with regard to a
cluster of concerns comprising “governance, participation, equity
and benefit sharing”. This cluster of concerns gained status as
title of a new element of the work programme, with two annexed goals:
- promoting equity and benefit sharing; and
- enhancing and securing involvement of all stakeholders, including local
and indigenous communities.
The IUCN and the CBD
Secretariat were the technical bodies that supported this new work
element, together with a few country delegates and representatives of the
indigenous peoples associations.
The “social concerns” cluster clearly acquired its
pre-eminence on the momentum from the Vth World Parks Congress (WPC),
which highlighted the need to improve governance of protected areas,
diversify and combine PA governance types in the landscape and uphold
ethical values (first and foremost “do no harm!”) especially
with regard to indigenous, mobile and local communities. One of the
important concepts emerging from WPC—Community Conserved
Areas— are also amply featured in the activities of this element
(and others) of the CBD programme of work on protected areas.
TILCEPA— the
joint Theme on Indigenous and Local Communities, Equity and Protected
Areas of CEESP and WCPA—supported much of the relevant work at WPC
and was present at SBSTTA with one of its Co-chairs and a member of the
core group. It offered documentation especially prepared for the event
and a couple of presentations on the key messages from Durban on governance, equity and
Community Conserved Areas during a technical side event. The event was
chaired by Parks Canada and concluded by the IUCN Social Policy Advisor.
TILCEPA
AT REGIONAL MEETINGS
Various regional
meetings have been held in preparation for the World Parks Congress.
Members of TILCEPA have been representing the group at these meetings to
ensure that the vision of TILCEPA is adequately incorporated in the
Congress. Some of these include
Manisha, the Pretoria meeting, the
Kompienga meeting, the Managua
meeting and the Rolle meeting should be added here! See some details in
the CEESP/CMWG site.. these are joint CMWG-TILCEPA meetings…
• A preparatory workshop held in Pune, India in January 2003 to
bring together the TILCEPA core group ;
• A workshop on ‘Expanding the Boundaries of
Conservation’ held in Dhaka, Bangladesh in June 2003 as part of the
3rd regional session of the Global Biodiversity Forum, South Asia at
which the issues of Community Conservation and Co-management were discussed
at length. This workshop was co-organized by TILCEPA and outputs were
transmitted to the WCPA South Asia meeting, also held in Dhaka in June
2003;
• Meetings, attended by TILCEPA representatives, on inputs for the
Workshop Stream on ‘Linkages in the Landscape’ in Paris, New
York and Gland (Switzerland), and on inputs for the Workshop Stream on
‘Management Effectiveness’ in Geelong, Victoria and Canberra
(Australia);
• A meeting of indigenous peoples and local communities, attended
by TILCEPA members, held to plan effective participation in the Parks
Congress;
• The South American Forum on Protected Areas and the First
Mesoamerican Congress on Protected Areas, at both of which TILCEPA was
represented, as part of efforts to collect inputs for the Parks Congress.
• At the 19th session of the Global Biodiversity Forum held at
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia immediately prior to the Conference of Parties 7,
TILCEPA organised a workshop on ‘Poverty, Livelihoods and
Biodiversity’ See www.gbf.ch
TILCEPA EVALUATION
To conclude the
current four year term of TILCEPA (2000-2004) an internal evaluation was
undertaken. The aim of this evaluation was to assess how effective the
volunteer members of the TILCEPA have been in their work; how strategic
the TILCEPA's leadership has been; how well the TILCEPA has managed its
work programme, and to assess how relevant the TILCEPA's work has been,
including whether it has had any impact on conservation policy or
practice anywhere in the world. This evaluation report is available on
request from tilcepa@vsnl.net.
TILCEPA also reports
regularly at Steering Committee meetings of WCPA and CEESP. Examples of
reports include:
PUBLICATIONS
AUTHORED, EDITED OR CO- AUTHORED/EDITED BY TILCEPA MEMBERS
TILCEPA has brought
out various publications in 2004, often in partnership with other
organizations, as also contributed chapters and articles to other
publications, and created tools for advocacy such as policy briefing
notes.
Books and full
issues of journals
Abrams, P.,
Borrini-Feyerabend,G., Gardner, J. and Heylings,P. Evaluating
Governance: A Handbook to Accompany a Participatory Process for a
Protected Area, manuscript, Parks Canada & TILCEPA, 2003.
Balasinorwala, T., A.
Kothari, and M. Goyal, (compilers), Participatory Conservation:
Paradigm Shifts in International Policy. IUCN/TILCEPA/Kalpavriksh,
Pune, 2004.
Borrini-Feyerabend,
G. and Sandwith,T. (eds.) Parks 13 (1),
Special issue on Conservation Partnerships in Africa, 2003.
Borrini-Feyerabend,
G., De Sherbinin, A., Diaw, C., Oviedo,G.
and Pansky,D. (eds.), Policy
Matters, 12, special issue on Community Empowerment for Conservation,
2003.
Borrini-Feyerabend,
G, Kothari, A., and Oviedo,
G. . Indigenous
and Local Communities and Protected Areas: Towards Equity and Enhanced
Conservation. IUCN and Cardiff
University Best
Practice Protected Area Guidelines No. 11. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland,
2004.
Borrini-Feyerabend
G., Pimbert, M.,. Farvar, M. T., Kothari, A. and Renard, Y. with Jaireth,
H., Murphree,M., Pattemore, V., Ramirez, R.and Warren,P. - with a preface
by Maldonado,J. M. Sharing
Power: Learning by doing in Co-Management of Natural Resources throughout
the World. IIED and IUCN/CEEESP/CMWG, Cenesta, Teheran,
2004.
Chatelain, C., Taty,
M., and Borrini-Feyerabend, G. Tchim
Tchieto: Fierté de la Cogestion!, CEESP Occasional Paper no.2, 2004.
Esteban, N. Guidelines
for pro-poor management of Caribbean marine
protected areas.
Jaireth, H., and
Smyth, D. (eds.), Innovative Governance: Indigenous Peoples, Local
Communities and Protected Areas, Saxena, New Delhi, 2003.
Scherl, L., Wilson, A., Wild,
R., Blockhus, J., Franks, P., McNeely, J., and McShane, T. Can
Protected Areas Contribute to Poverty Reduction? Opportunities and
Limitations. IUCN, Gland,
Switzerland,
2004.
Solís Rivera, V.,
Madrigal Cordero, P., Cruz, I.V., and Fonseca Borras, M., Equidad
entre Áreas Protegidas y Comunidades Locales: Reflexión desde Mesoamérica
y el Caribe, IUCN, CEESP/ CMWG/ TILCEPA, Ivo, Solidar, GTZ, Avina,
San José de Costa Rica, 2003.
Vaske, J., and
Manfredo[GBF1] , M. Human Dimensions of Wildlife., Vol 9, Number 4, 2004.
Whande, W., Kepe, T.,
and Murphree, M. (eds.), Local Communities, Equity and Conservation in
Southern Africa: Lessons Learnt and
Recommendations from a Southern African Technical Workshop.
Updated versions of Briefing
Notes (Community Conserved
Areas, Mobile
Peoples and Conservation, and Governance of
Natural Resources). The note on Governance was also modified and
printed specially for the Central American region, as Good Governance
and Equity.
A two-set CD
compilation of over 140 papers related to the theme of communities
and equity presented at the Vth World Parks Congress, Durban, 2003 is now
availabel.
Articles for
the CBD Secretariat
Borrini-Feyerabend, G.,
"Governance of Protected Areas, Participation and Equity" in
Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Biodiversity
Issues for Consideration in the Planning, Establishment and Management of
Protected Areas Sites and Networks, CBD Technical Series no. 15, Montreal
(Canada), 2004.
Kothari, A., "Protected Areas and People: Participation and
Equity", in Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,
Ibid.
Contributions on participation, equity, and PAs, by G. Borrini-Feyerabend
and A. Kothari, to UNEP/WCMC/CBD, Protected Areas and Biodiversity: An
Overview of Key Issues, ed. By K.J. Mulongoy and S. Chape. 2004.
Chapters for Status of the World's Parks Report
'Collaborative management
of protected areas', by G. Borrini-Feyerabend and A. Kothari
'Community conserved areas', by A. Kothari and G. Borrini-Feyerabend
Other outputs in
which TILCEPA has played a key role were
Nine recommendations
that were outputs for the World Parks Congress addressing various aspects
of people and parks . These are
1. Indigenous people and protected areas
2. Co-management of protected areas
3. Community Conserved Areas
4. Mobile indigenous peoples and conservation
5. Poverty and protected areas
6. Cultural and spiritual values of protected areas
7. Preventing and Mitigating human-wildlife conflicts
8. Good governance of protected areas
9. Recognising and Supporting a Diversity of Governance Types for
Protected Areas
These recommendations can be found online at www.iucn.org
Manisha, a more precise address can be given for the recommendations..
TILCEPA also gave
significant contributions to the Durban Accord and Action Plan. Address
here.
DEVELOPMENT OF
PROJECTS
Following up on the
evaluation and the general meeting to discuss the future of TILCEPA, held
at the World Conservation Congress, members are finalising a number of
proposals for specific activities. These include the following, most of
them being developed in collaboration with other IUCN entities and
organisations outside the IUCN family:
- Guidance to CBD parties
to implement the Governance element of the Protected Areas Programme
of Work (including a workshop at the June 2005 meeting of the CBD
Working Group on PAs).
- A global support and
networking process for Community Conserved Areas.
- Best practice guidelines
and international networking on Human-Wildlife Conflict issues.
- Dance for the Earth.
- Research on
project-related changes in community management of wildlife.
- Community based
rehabilitation in tsunami affected areas (as part of IUCN's overall
response to the tsunami).
CONTACTS
Grazia
Borrini-Feyerabend, Co-chair, gbf@cenesta.org
Ashish Kothari, Co-chair, ashishkothari@vsnl.com
Tasneem Balasinorwala, tilcepa@vsnl.net
Contact details:
Ashish Kothari
Kalpavriksh
Apt No. 5, Shree Dutta Krupa
908, Deccan Gymkhana
Pune 411004, India
Ph/fax: 91-22-5654239
e-mail: ashish@nda.vsnl.net.in
Grazia
Borrini-Feyerabend
Ancienne Ecole, Bugnaux
CH 1180 Switzerland
Ph/fax: 41-21-826 0024
e-mail: gbf@cenesta.org
For general queries
please write to Tasneem Balasinorwala, tilcepa@vsnl.net . For those of you
who may not have easy access to the web please feel free to write in to
Ashish or Grazia to ask for further information. |
